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}} Sunset Park is a neighborhood in the western section of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is bounded by Park Slope and Greenwood Heights to the north, Borough Park to the east, Bay Ridge to the south, and Upper New York Bay to the west.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brooklyn Community District 7 - New York City Department of City Planning )〕 The neighborhood is predominantly Puerto Rican, Mexican, and Chinese, with other Hispanics, Indians, and Norwegians comprising the area's population as well. The core of the Hispanic population is west of the 5th Avenue, while the center of the Chinese population (now referred to as Brooklyn's Chinatown) is from 7th Avenue east to Borough Park. The area between the 5th and 7th Avenues is mostly mixed. Sunset Park is served by the New York City Police Department's 72nd Precinct.〔(72nd Precinct ), New York City Police Department.〕 There is a namesake city park within the neighborhood, located between 41st and 44th Streets and 5th and 7th Avenues. The area is also home to the Jackie Gleason Bus Depot. A portion of the neighborhood is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district, known for its Romanesque and Renaissance Revival architecture. The neighborhood has several individual landmarks designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, including a rare exterior and interior landmark, the Sunset Play Center. As the designation report states, "The Sunset Play Center is one of a group of eleven immense outdoor swimming pools opened in the summer of 1936 in a series of grand ceremonies presided over by Mayor Fiorello LaGuardiaand Parks Commissioner Robert Moses. All of the pools were constructed largely with funding provided by the Works Progress Administration (WPA)."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/reports/sunset_play_center.pdf )〕 ==History== In the heyday of the New York Harbor's dominance of North American shipping during the 19th century, Sunset Park grew rapidly, largely as a result of Irish, Polish, Finnish, and Norwegian immigrant families moving to the area. Portions of the neighborhood became known as "Finn Town".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brooklyn, New York. October, 1942. Finnish-Americans in Finn Town, 39th Street near 8th Avenue )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Finntown’s slice of the Big Apple )〕 The neighborhood grew up around the Bush Terminal of Irving T. Bush, a model industrial park completed in 1895 between 39th and 53d Streets, and continued to grow through World War II, when the Brooklyn Army Terminal between 53rd and 66th Streets employed more than 10,000 civilians to ship 80% of all American supplies and troops.〔(Scandinavian influence in Brooklyn )〕 Sunset Park's shipping sector declined after World War II, with the rise of truck-based freight shipping and ports in New Jersey; the growth of suburban sprawl and white flight; the closure of the Army Terminal; and the decreasing importance of heavy industry in the northeastern United States. Families who had lived in the community for decades began moving out, and their homes—largely modest but attractive rowhouses lost value. The construction of the elevated Gowanus Parkway replaced the BMT Third Avenue Elevated in 1941 and effectively cut the neighborhood off from the harbor, Because trucks are illegal on parkways, in 1945 Third Avenue was widened to ten lanes at the surface level to accommodate the truck traffic to/from the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel. This widening necessitated the removal of all industrial buildings and housing on the east side of the avenue. The four-lane parkway was replaced in the 1960s with a six-lane Expressway to carry truck and car traffic to/from the then-new Verrazano–Narrows Bridge, which opened in 1964. Until the early 1960s, Sunset Park's main population was made up of immigrant Irish, Italians, Germans, and Nordic Americans. These groups began leaving the neighborhood during the 1970s and 1980s, and they were replaced by new immigrants. Many migrants came from Puerto Rico, immigrants from the Dominican Republic, and Meso-America, as well as other Latin American and Caribbean countries. By 1990, Hispanics comprised 50% of Sunset Park's population, and were rehabilitating property values and developing a thriving community, with an abundance of Hispanic restaurants and businesses along 5th Avenue. People from Gujarat in India have also been settling in and around Sunset Park since 1974; they are mostly Christian and attend three of the area's churches, at 45th Street and 8th Avenue, at 56th Street and 4th Avenue, and at 52nd Street and 8th Avenue. These churches have a mainly Indian congregation and festive parties in the church halls. In the 1980s, Sunset Park became the location of the borough's first Chinatown, which is located along 8th Avenue from 42nd to 68th Street and has rapidly attracted many Chinese immigrants. Eighth Avenue is lined with Chinese businesses, including grocery stores, restaurants, Buddhist temples, video stores, bakeries, and community organizations, and even Hong Kong Supermarket. Like the Manhattan Chinatown (of which the Brooklyn Chinatown is an extension), Brooklyn's Chinatown was originally settled by Cantonese immigrants. In recent years, however, to the discontent of many of the Cantonese, an influx of Fuzhou immigrants has been supplanting the Cantonese at a significantly faster rate than in Manhattan's Chinatown; in recent years, this trend has slowed down, with fewer Fuzhouese coming to Sunset Park each year. By 2009 many Mandarin-speaking originators had moved to Sunset Park.〔Semple, Kirk. "(In Chinatown, Sound of the Future Is Mandarin )." ''The New York Times''. October 21, 2009. Retrieved on May 27, 2010.〕 Sunset Park was hit by the tornadoes of August 8, 2007. Significant damage was reported to homes on 58th Street between 7th and 5th Avenues and 67th to 66th Streets between 5th and 6th Avenues.〔(A sweaty horde crosses Brooklyn Bridge - into chaos )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sunset Park, Brooklyn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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